dVPN Node & Provider Earnings System

Current Model

At present, Qubetics acts as the sole provider within the dVPN ecosystem. This means that Qubetics is responsible for creating subscription plans, taking a node on lease, and managing how nodes are connected to these plans.

When an individual or organization hosts a node server, they interact with Qubetics through the Node Panel, a management interface created by Qubetics. Once the node is verified and active, Qubetics links the node to one of its available subscription plans.

The revenue-sharing model is as follows among Users, Providers, Node Operators, and Validators across the three related flows in the system:

Subscriptions and Leases:

• Earnings go to Qubetics (the provider), Validators, and the Node Operators (the entities running the servers and providing bandwidth). The Node Operators use these earnings to maintain the infrastructure, manage plans, and ensure network reliability.

• Subscription Flow (User → Provider + Validators)

  • User subscribes to a plan.

  • The total subscription price is split between the provider and the validator.

  • 10% → staking rewards via fee collector (Validators) (We can change this parameter value through proposal, just for testnet we set 10%) .

  • 90% → Provider account .

  • The user receives a data/time allocation tracked under their subscription.

Notes: Subscription payment does not pay Node Operators. It compensates the Provider and Validators.

• Subscription-Based Sessions and Leases

There are two distinct parts here:

1. Subscription Session (User uses allocation)

   1. User starts a session tied to their subscription.

   2. No new payment is taken at session start; allocation usage is tracked.

   3. This path does not pay the Node Operator directly.

2. Lease Flow (Provider → Node Operator + Validators)

   1. Providers compensate Node Operators for serving subscription users by leasing nodes.

   2. At lease start, Provider deposits MaxHours × hourly_price (one-time upfront) into the deposit module.

   3. Every hour while active, a payout occurs from the Provider’s deposit:

      1. 10% → fee collector (Validators) (We can change this parameter value through proposal, just for testnet we set 10%).

      2. 90% → Node Operator account.

      3. If the node becomes inactive or the lease ends early, remaining prepaid hours are refunded to the Provider.

Summary by Role

User Subscription: Pays Provider (90%) + Validators (10%); receives allocation.

Provider

• Earns 90% of subscription price.

• Leases nodes to serve subscribers; funds are deposited upfront and paid to nodes hourly (90% to the nodes, 10% to the validators).

Node Operator

• Earns from Provider Leases (time-based hourly payouts, 90%).

Validators

• Earn 10% staking share from all two revenue events: subscription payment, lease payouts.

Currently, nodes added to time-based subscription plans are compensated on a monthly flat-rate basis, providing predictable and stable income for node operators.

Future Model: Marketplace Expansion

In the future, Qubetics envisions a marketplace-driven ecosystem, where any node operator can also become a provider. This will decentralize the provider role and allow greater flexibility, competition, and innovation in the network.

The process will work as follows:

1. Registering as a Provider

• A node operator interested in becoming a provider must lock a certain amount of tokens as collateral.

• Once locked, they can officially register as a provider on the Qubetics network.

2. Creating Subscription Plans

• Providers will be able to create their own custom dVPN subscription plans, setting pricing models based on bandwidth, time, or usage.

• They can directly onboard node servers into their plans, building a personalized node pool.

3. Revenue Sharing

• Just like Qubetics does today, new providers will share revenue with node operators.

• The exact split can vary depending on the provider's plan, but the system ensures transparency and fair distribution through blockchain-based accounting.

4. Marketplace Benefits

• Users gain access to a wide range of providers and plans, increasing choice and competition.

• Node operators can either remain independent or join provider networks to maximize their earnings.

• Providers who lock more tokens and manage more reliable nodes can build reputation and trust in the ecosystem.

The Qubetics earning model is designed to transition from a centralized provider system to a decentralized marketplace. Today, Qubetics is the sole provider, distributing revenue to nodes and to itself while ensuring nodes are in subscription plans. In the future, the ecosystem will evolve into a marketplace where anyone can become a provider, create plans, and register nodes by locking tokens, paving the way for a self-sustaining, transparent, and competitive dVPN economy.